H5N1 Avian Influenza: Current Developments

Since November 3, 2025, an increased risk for avian influenza has been in effect throughout Austria. Following confirmed cases in wild birds in Carinthia, Lower Austria, and Upper Austria, the Federal Ministry of Health has issued a corresponding decree. In light of these current developments, we would like to draw attention to an informative expert article that comprehensively contextualizes the H5N1 situation. While the article was first published in March 2025, its relevance has only increased.

The current situation in Austria: Since late September, 21 infected wild birds have been detected, including swans and greylag geese. The first cases were confirmed in the Feldkirchen district in Carinthia, followed by cases in the districts of Gmünd, Horn, Amstetten, and Enns. Enhanced biosecurity measures are now in place to protect poultry stocks.

The broader context: Since 2020, a new H5N1 variant (Clade 2.3.4.4b) has been spreading globally in wild birds and increasingly in mammals. To date, more than 70 people have been infected with this variant, with disease courses predominantly mild. Germany has reported outbreaks at 48 poultry farms since September, with over 525,000 birds culled.

The pandemic risk is currently assessed as low but shows an increasing trend. The growing occurrence in livestock and zoonotic transmissions to humans require heightened vigilance. A particular concern is the potential for reassortant viruses between seasonal influenza viruses and avian influenza viruses – especially when humans are simultaneously infected with both virus types.

Read the full article on MedMedia.at

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